Safety: Vitamin K2, also known as menaquinone, is generally considered safe for most people when consumed in appropriate amounts through diet or supplements. Beware of interactions with blood thinners, and always speak to a trusted medical professional before adding it to your routine.

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‍ITP: Not included

(The Interventions Testing Program (ITP) is a peer-reviewed program designed to identify agents that extend lifespan and healthspan in mice)

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Some studies and publications: 

• Geleijnse, J.M., Vermeer, C., Grobbee, D.E., Schurgers, L.J., Knapen, M.H., van der Meer, I.M., Hofman, A., & Witteman, J.C. (2004). Dietary intake of menaquinone is associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease: The Rotterdam Study. Journal of Nutrition. This landmark study found an association between high dietary intake of vitamin K2 (menaquinone) and a reduced risk of coronary heart disease.
• Gast, G.C., de Roos, N.M., Sluijs, I., Bots, M.L., Beulens, J.W., Geleijnse, J.M., Witteman, J.C., Grobbee, D.E., Peeters, P.H., & van der Schouw, Y.T. (2009). A high menaquinone intake reduces the incidence of coronary heart disease. Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases. This study supports the protective role of vitamin K2 against coronary heart disease, emphasizing the importance of menaquinone intake.
• Knapen, M.H., Schurgers, L.J., & Vermeer, C. (2007). Vitamin K2 supplementation improves hip bone geometry and bone strength indices in postmenopausal women. Osteoporosis International. This randomized controlled trial showed that vitamin K2 supplementation could improve bone strength and reduce the risk of fractures in postmenopausal women.
• Maresz, K. (2015). Proper Calcium Use: Vitamin K2 as a Promoter of Bone and Cardiovascular Health. Integrative Medicine: A Clinician’s Journal. This review discusses the synergistic role of vitamin K2 and vitamin D in calcium metabolism, emphasizing the importance of vitamin K2 for bone and cardiovascular health.

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Overview: Since vitamin K2 plays a crucial role in blood clotting, bone health, and cardiovascular health. It activates proteins that regulate clotting response, calcium metabolism, and arterial calcification, making it attractive for longevity purposes, without having yet concrete studies or data.  A vitamin K2 deficiency is more common among aging adults. 

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Type of substance: One of the two primary forms of vitamin K, the other being vitamin K1 (phylloquinone), which is found in leafy green vegetables. Vitamin K2 is primarily found in fermented foods, certain animal products, and is also produced by gut bacteria.

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Other related: Magnesium, vitamin D3, omega3

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